⚠ Chocolate toxicity estimator
How the estimate works
The calculator multiplies the amount of chocolate by an approximate theobromine concentration for that chocolate type, then compares the total to your dog’s body weight. The rough thresholds it uses are the ones widely cited in veterinary toxicology: mild signs are possible from about 20 mg of theobromine per kilogram of body weight, with moderate-to-serious effects from roughly 40–60 mg/kg. The darker the chocolate, the more theobromine per gram — baking and high-percentage dark chocolate carry many times the dose of milk chocolate, which is why a tiny amount can matter in a small dog.
These concentrations vary between products, so the result is deliberately a risk band, not a precise verdict. White chocolate contains almost no theobromine, but its fat and sugar can still cause vomiting and, in some dogs, pancreatitis.
Why chocolate type matters so much
| Chocolate type | Theobromine (approx.) | Relative danger |
|---|---|---|
| White chocolate | negligible | Lowest (but fat/sugar can upset the gut) |
| Milk chocolate | ~1.5–2 mg/g | Moderate — risky in larger amounts or small dogs |
| Dark chocolate | ~5–8 mg/g | High — small amounts can be serious |
| Baking / unsweetened | ~14–16 mg/g | Highest — even a square can be dangerous |
| Cocoa powder | ~20+ mg/g | Very high |
Symptoms of chocolate poisoning
Signs typically appear within 6 to 12 hours and can persist for days because theobromine is cleared so slowly. Early effects include vomiting, diarrhoea, restlessness and excessive thirst and urination. As the dose rises you may see a racing or irregular heartbeat, hyperactivity, muscle tremors and, in severe cases, seizures. Because onset can be delayed, an apparently fine dog can still be at risk — another reason to seek advice straight away rather than waiting to see what happens. For a broader overview of red-flag symptoms, see our guide to the signs of a sick dog and first aid for dogs.
Frequently Asked Questions
My dog ate chocolate — what should I do?
Call your veterinarian or the ASPCA Animal Poison Control Center (888-426-4435) immediately with your dog’s weight, the chocolate type and amount, and the time eaten. Do not wait for symptoms, and only induce vomiting on professional instruction.
Why is chocolate toxic to dogs?
It contains theobromine and caffeine, which dogs metabolise much more slowly than people. The darker the chocolate, the more theobromine per gram, so dark and baking chocolate are far more dangerous than milk chocolate.
How much chocolate is dangerous?
It depends on weight and type. Mild signs can start around 20 mg theobromine/kg and serious effects around 40–60 mg/kg. Small dogs and dark chocolate are the riskiest combination. Let your vet judge the real danger.
What are the symptoms?
Vomiting, diarrhoea, restlessness, increased thirst, a racing heart, tremors and, in severe cases, seizures — often within 6–12 hours and lasting days. Seek veterinary care immediately if you suspect poisoning.
Sources
- ASPCA — pet care and Animal Poison Control guidance (Animal Poison Control)
- American Kennel Club (AKC) — expert advice on dog health and care (what to do if your dog ate chocolate)
- American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA) — pet owner resources
Last updated 21 June 2026.